Pyrite, or “Fool’s Gold,” is used for sulfur and iron production.

Mica is a group of silicate minerals with varying compositions mainly in insulation and electronics.

Pyroxene, a silicate mineral group found in igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Magnetite, an iron oxide with magnetic properties, is used in steel production and catalysts.

Bauxite is the main aluminum ore, primarily found in Australia.

Talc, the softest mineral, is used in baby powder, cosmetics, ceramics, and plastics.

Feldspar is an aluminum silicate used in ceramics, glass, and construction.

Quartz, a silicon dioxide mineral, is used in jewelry and electronics.

Wulfenite is a bright orange or yellow mineral, prized by collectors.

Marble, a calcium carbonate metamorphic rock, is used in sculpture, architecture, and countertops.

Calcite is a trigonal calcium carbonate mineral used mainly in construction for making cement.

Limestone, mainly calcium carbonate, is used in construction, cement, and water treatment.

Coal, mainly carbon, is used for energy and steel production.

Rhyolite, a silica-rich volcanic rock, is used in construction and research.

Monazite, a group of rare earth minerals, is a key source of rare earth elements.

Quartzite, a durable metamorphic rock made of quartz, is used in construction and countertops.

Scorodite, a hydrated iron arsenate, is valued for arsenic containment and as a collector’s mineral.

Galena is the main ore of lead and silver, used in batteries and shielding.

Vanadinite is a bright red mineral, primarily sourced from lead deposits.

Barite is a barium sulfate mineral used in drilling, shielding, and paints.

Fluorite, a colorful calcium fluoride, is used as flux in steelmaking, glass, and as gemstones.

Adamite is a rare, colorful orthorhombic mineral prized by collectors for its vibrant crystals.

Diorite is a tough igneous rock used in construction, art, and in research.

Scheelite, a calcium tungstate, is the main source of tungsten for tools and alloys.

Olivine, a magnesium iron silicate, is used in gemstones (peridot) and refractory materials.

Biotite is a dark mica mineral used in insulation and geological studies.

Schist, a layered metamorphic rock rich in mica and quartz, is often used in construction.

Gypsum, a soft calcium sulfate mineral, is primarily used as plaster or in cement production.

Beryl is a gemstone mineral, including emerald and aquamarine, and a source of beryllium.

Chlorite, a green phyllosilicate mineral, is used as a geological indicator and industrial filler.

Kernite is a boron-rich mineral used in glassmaking, detergents, and ceramics.

Halite, or rock salt, is a sodium chloride mineral used for seasoning, de-icing, and industry.

Amphibole is a diverse mineral group used for geological indicators and as insulation.

Garnet is a group of silicate minerals used as gemstones and abrasives.

Shale, a fine-grained sedimentary rock, is used for natural gas, cement, and research.

Apatite is a calcium phosphate mineral found in various colors, primarily used in fertilizers.

Sandstone, composed of quartz and feldspar, is used in construction, paving, landscaping, and glassmaking.

Muscovite, a mica mineral, is used in insulation, fireproofing, and cosmetics.

Dolomite is a calcium magnesium carbonate used in construction and agriculture.

Granite is a durable igneous rock used in construction, monuments, and countertops.

Hematite is an iron oxide mineral used for iron ore, pigments, and radiation shielding.

Descloizite is a lead-zinc vanadate mineral, mainly found in Namibia and Mexico.

Zircon is a durable mineral used in jewelry, geological dating, and ceramics.

Borax is a sodium borate used in cleaning and glassmaking.

Basalt is a dark, fine-grained igneous rock used in construction, monuments, and geological studies.

Tourmaline is a colorful boron silicate mineral used as a gemstone and in electronics.

Gneiss is a durable, banded metamorphic rock used in construction and decoration.