Apatite is a calcium phosphate mineral found in various colors, primarily used in fertilizers.

Quartz, a silicon dioxide mineral, is used in jewelry and electronics.

Tourmaline is a colorful boron silicate mineral used as a gemstone and in electronics.

Magnetite, an iron oxide with magnetic properties, is used in steel production and catalysts.

Schist, a layered metamorphic rock rich in mica and quartz, is often used in construction.

Monazite, a group of rare earth minerals, is a key source of rare earth elements.

Gypsum, a soft calcium sulfate mineral, is primarily used as plaster or in cement production.

Garnet is a group of silicate minerals used as gemstones and abrasives.

Quartzite, a durable metamorphic rock made of quartz, is used in construction and countertops.

Diorite is a tough igneous rock used in construction, art, and in research.

Marble, a calcium carbonate metamorphic rock, is used in sculpture, architecture, and countertops.

Dolomite is a calcium magnesium carbonate used in construction and agriculture.

Adamite is a rare, colorful orthorhombic mineral prized by collectors for its vibrant crystals.

Zircon is a durable mineral used in jewelry, geological dating, and ceramics.

Gneiss is a durable, banded metamorphic rock used in construction and decoration.

Mica is a group of silicate minerals with varying compositions mainly in insulation and electronics.

Hematite is an iron oxide mineral used for iron ore, pigments, and radiation shielding.

Amphibole is a diverse mineral group used for geological indicators and as insulation.

Bauxite is the main aluminum ore, primarily found in Australia.

Talc, the softest mineral, is used in baby powder, cosmetics, ceramics, and plastics.

Wulfenite is a bright orange or yellow mineral, prized by collectors.

Beryl is a gemstone mineral, including emerald and aquamarine, and a source of beryllium.

Biotite is a dark mica mineral used in insulation and geological studies.

Basalt is a dark, fine-grained igneous rock used in construction, monuments, and geological studies.

Granite is a durable igneous rock used in construction, monuments, and countertops.

Limestone, mainly calcium carbonate, is used in construction, cement, and water treatment.

Vanadinite is a bright red mineral, primarily sourced from lead deposits.

Halite, or rock salt, is a sodium chloride mineral used for seasoning, de-icing, and industry.

Chlorite, a green phyllosilicate mineral, is used as a geological indicator and industrial filler.

Shale, a fine-grained sedimentary rock, is used for natural gas, cement, and research.

Fluorite, a colorful calcium fluoride, is used as flux in steelmaking, glass, and as gemstones.

Scorodite, a hydrated iron arsenate, is valued for arsenic containment and as a collector’s mineral.

Coal, mainly carbon, is used for energy and steel production.

Muscovite, a mica mineral, is used in insulation, fireproofing, and cosmetics.

Scheelite, a calcium tungstate, is the main source of tungsten for tools and alloys.

Olivine, a magnesium iron silicate, is used in gemstones (peridot) and refractory materials.

Descloizite is a lead-zinc vanadate mineral, mainly found in Namibia and Mexico.

Feldspar is an aluminum silicate used in ceramics, glass, and construction.

Kernite is a boron-rich mineral used in glassmaking, detergents, and ceramics.

Sandstone, composed of quartz and feldspar, is used in construction, paving, landscaping, and glassmaking.

Pyrite, or “Fool’s Gold,” is used for sulfur and iron production.

Rhyolite, a silica-rich volcanic rock, is used in construction and research.

Pyroxene, a silicate mineral group found in igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Calcite is a trigonal calcium carbonate mineral used mainly in construction for making cement.

Barite is a barium sulfate mineral used in drilling, shielding, and paints.

Borax is a sodium borate used in cleaning and glassmaking.

Galena is the main ore of lead and silver, used in batteries and shielding.