Deformation bands are narrow zones of localized strain in porous rocks, often associated with faulting and folding. These bands can form due to mechanical compaction, cataclasis, or grain reorganization and can significantly influence the permeability and mechanical properties of the rock. Deformation bands are important in the study of structural geology, fault mechanics, and reservoir characterization.
Reference: Aydin, A., & Johnson, A. M. (1983). “Analysis of Faults and Deformation Bands in Sandstone.” Journal of Structural Geology, 5(1), 19-31.