Desertification is the process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agricultural practices. It leads to the loss of productive land and biodiversity and is a major environmental issue in arid and semi-arid regions. Desertification is significant in environmental science, land management, and global sustainability efforts.
Reference: UNCCD (1994). “United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.” United Nations.