Groundwater is the water found beneath the Earth’s surface in soil pore spaces and fractures of rock formations. It is a crucial component of the hydrological cycle and a vital resource for drinking water, agriculture, and industry. The study of groundwater involves hydrogeology, which focuses on the distribution, movement, and quality of water in the subsurface.
Source Freeze, R. A., & Cherry, J. A. (1979). Groundwater. Prentice Hall.