Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, forming the basis of fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, and coal. They are produced from the decomposition of organic matter under heat and pressure over millions of years. Hydrocarbons are a major source of energy globally, and their extraction and use have significant economic and environmental implications.
Reference: Tissot, B. P., & Welte, D. H. (1984). Petroleum Formation and Occurrence. Springer.