A mud volcano is a geological formation created by the expulsion of mud, water, and gases from the Earth’s subsurface, typically in areas of tectonic activity. Mud volcanoes are important for understanding the release of subsurface fluids, the dynamics of gas migration, and their potential as indicators of hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Reference: Mazzini, A., & Etiope, G. (2017). “Mud Volcanoes as a Source of Energy: From Tectonics to Hydrocarbons.” Geoscience Frontiers, 8(6), 1477-1489.