Orogeny refers to the process of mountain building through tectonic forces, including the folding, faulting, and uplift of the Earth’s crust. Orogenies result from the collision of tectonic plates and are significant in the formation of mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas and the Andes. Understanding orogeny is crucial for studying the Earth’s tectonic history and the structural evolution of continents.
Reference: Dewey, J. F., & Bird, J. M. (1970). “Mountain Belts and the New Global Tectonics.” Journal of Geophysical Research, 75(14), 2625-2647.