Serpentinization is the process of altering ultramafic rocks, particularly peridotite, into serpentine minerals through hydrothermal activity. This process is significant for understanding plate tectonics, the formation of ophiolites, and the geochemistry of Earth’s mantle.
Reference: Wicks, F. J., & Whittaker, E. J. W. (1977). “Serpentine Textures and Serpentinization.” Canadian Mineralogist, 15(1), 459-488.