Tholeiitic basalt is a type of basaltic rock characterized by low alkali content and high iron content, commonly found at mid-ocean ridges and volcanic islands. This rock type is significant for understanding magma differentiation, mid-ocean ridge processes, and the geochemistry of basaltic magmas.
Reference: Carmichael, I. S. E. (1964). “The Petrology of Thingmuli, a Tertiary Volcano in Eastern Iceland.” Journal of Petrology, 5(3), 435-460.