Ultrasonic attenuation refers to the decrease in amplitude of ultrasonic waves as they propagate through a material, often used to characterize the material’s properties. This concept is significant in geophysics for subsurface imaging, detecting fractures, and understanding the mechanical properties of rocks.
Reference: Krautkrämer, J., & Krautkrämer, H. (1990). “Ultrasonic Testing of Materials.” Springer.