Vog, short for volcanic smog, is a form of air pollution caused by the release of sulfur dioxide and other volcanic gases into the atmosphere, where they react with oxygen, moisture, and sunlight to form fine particles. Vog is significant in environmental science for its impact on air quality, human health, and the environment in areas downwind of active volcanoes.
Reference: Tam, E., et al. (2016). “Volcanic Air Pollution over the Island of Hawai’i: Emission Sources, Impacts, and Mitigation.” Atmospheric Environment, 142, 16-29.