A volcanic dome is a mound-shaped protrusion resulting from the slow extrusion of highly viscous lava, typically rhyolite or dacite. Volcanic domes are significant in volcanology for understanding the dynamics of volcanic eruptions, the formation of lava domes, and the potential hazards associated with dome collapse and pyroclastic flows.
Reference: Fink, J. H., & Anderson, S. W. (2000). “Lava Domes and Coulees.” Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, 307-319.