Fact Sheet:
– Chemical Composition: Fe₃O₄ (Iron(II,III) Oxide)
– Hardness: 5.5 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale
– Crystal System: Isometric
– Color Varieties: Black to brownish-black with a metallic luster
– Major Localities: Australia, Brazil, Canada, and the United States
– Common Uses: Iron ore, magnetic materials, and catalysts

Introduction: Magnetite is a fascinating mineral known for its strong magnetic properties, which are unique among naturally occurring minerals. Its name comes from Magnesia, a region in Greece where the mineral was first discovered. Beyond its magnetic allure, magnetite is a crucial iron ore and has various industrial applications.

Formation: Magnetite forms in a variety of geological settings, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It often crystallizes from magma or lava flows, as well as through metamorphic processes in high-temperature environments. Magnetite can also form through biological processes and is found in banded iron formations, where layers of iron-rich minerals alternate with silica.

Types and Colors:
– Common Magnetite: Black with a metallic luster, often found in octahedral crystals.
– Lodestone: Naturally magnetized pieces of magnetite that can attract iron, historically used in early compasses.
– Titanomagnetite: Contains significant amounts of titanium, often found in igneous rocks.

Localities and Mining: Significant magnetite deposits are found in Australia (notably the Pilbara region), Brazil, Canada (Labrador), and the United States (Minnesota and Michigan). These countries mine large quantities of magnetite, primarily for use in steel production.

Applications: Magnetite is primarily mined as an iron ore, which is essential for steel production. Additionally, its magnetic properties make it valuable in the production of magnetic storage media and as a catalyst in various chemical processes. Magnetite is also used in water purification and as a pigment in ceramics and paints.